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熟悉Linux服務器手冊

時間：2021-07-20 16:32:32 阅读：0 評論：0 收藏：0 [點我收藏+]

標簽：contain socks5 toc linu htm 修改 lsb 執行列表

Linux操作手冊

Linux操作手冊

用到的命令

當你拿到一台Linux服務器的時候，你應該做以下內容來掌握服務器的運行情況（簡單版本）：
這裏記錄的都是些不高頻且容易忘記的，不代表經常用到的命令

查看Linux的用戶信息

cat /etc/passwd

查看用戶組

cat /etc/group

查看當前活躍的用戶列表

創建用戶

$ sudo useradd testuser	# 没有創建用戶目錄
$ sudo useradd -m testuser	# 自动創建用戶目錄
$ sudo adduser testuser	# 自动創建用戶目錄
$ sudo passwd testuser	# 修改用户密码
$ su testuser # 切换用户
# 给普通用户加sudo权限
$ visudo	# 用来编辑修改/etc/sudoers配置文件
# 然后在文件里面添加以下一句话,然后保存退出
# testuser ALL=(ALL)     ALL

testuser 如果使用sudo权限增加任何文件，文件的归属用户和用户组都是root

普通命令，則文件歸屬testuser

查看文件夾挂載分區的磁盤情況

$ df /home/testuser

查看文件目錄结构

$ tree ./

查看磁盤信息

$ df -h

查看Linux內核版本信息

$ uname -a

查看Linux系統版本信息

$ lsb_release -a

export命令

用于设置或显示环境变量，在 shell 中執行程序时，shell 会提供一组环境变量。export 可新增，修改或删除环境变量，供后续執行的程序使用。export 的效力仅限于该次登陆操作。

export [-fnp][变量名称]=[变量设置值]

-f 　代表[变量名称]中为函数名称。
-n 　删除指定的变量。变量实际上并未删除，只是不会输出到后续指令的執行环境中。
-p 　列出所有的shell赋予程序的环境变量。

終端走代理

方法一：臨時有效，只作用于當前終端

export http_proxy=http://proxyAddress:port
export https_proxy=http://proxyAddress:port

方法二：把上述命令寫入shell配置文件.bashrc或者.zshrc

# 或者
export ALL_PROXY=socks5://127.0.0.1:1080

方法三：改變相應工具的配置，比如apt

sudo vim /etc/apt/apt.conf
# 加入下面一行
Acquire::http::Proxy "http://proxyAddress:port"

# git 使用代理
git config --global http.proxy ‘socks5://127.0.0.1:1080‘ 
git config --global https.proxy ‘socks5://127.0.0.1:1080‘

遇到的坑

操作系统挂了代理，很多安装、更新命令的apt install，conda install 都会遇到网络问题

docker使用

docker使用手冊

SSH使用

ssh使用手冊

熟悉Linux服務器手冊

標簽：contain socks5 toc linu htm 修改 lsb 執行列表

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lfywork/p/14953806.html

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